Oil-burning apparatus



J. E. PFEFFER .bIL; BURNING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 26. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. E. PFEFFER OIL BURNING APPARATUS Patented den. 29, 1924.

stares orrica' f d'OHN E. PFEFFER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO M. W. WOOLSEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

OIL-BURNING APPARATUS.

Application filed August 26, 1921. Serial No. 495,672.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN E. PFEFFER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ghicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burning Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fuel burning apparatus and has articular reference to an apparatus in WhlCh hydrocarbon fuel can be burned or in which powdered coal may also be used and is primarily adapted for heating purposes for dwellings, apartment buildings, hotels or the like as distinguished from fuel burning devices which are adapted for industrial purposes.

My improved apparatus is of the same general type as disclosed in my application for liquid fuel burner, Serial No. 402,091,

filed August 9, 1920, and is an improvement upon the apparatus described and claimed in this application in that a combustion pipe .is rovided within which the fuel is mixed 26 an partially consumed instead of consuming the fuel entirely within the furnace as set forth in the above identified application. The primary object of my invention is the provision of a fuel burning apparatus at which, is more eflicient in operation andv which obtains better combustion than the apparatus described in my former. application and which is entirely automatic in its operation and which requires no attention 85 on the part of an operator when once'the apparatus is put in service.

Another and further object of my invention is the provision of ignition means with the apparatus which automatically lights 49 the fuel which is supplied to the combustion pi e.

Anot er object of my invention is thev provision of improved fuel mixing devices which contribute tothe perfect combustion obtained through the use of my improved burner and also affords better heating results because the fuel is more perfectly consumed and, therefore, supplies a larger numberof heat units than has been possibleheretofore with devices of this character;

These and other objects of my invention will be more fully and better understood by reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings, and in WhiCh' Figure 1 is a detailed view partially in section and partially in elevation of my improved fuel burning apparatus as applied to a heating furnace;

Figure 2 is a detailed plan view; and

Figure 3 is a detailed view in elevation of my improved fuel supplying apparatus shown in Figure 2 Referring now specifically to the drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout, the furnace 10 is shown having a grate 11 located therein and a baffle plate 12 mounted upon the said grate 11, the furnace 10 having the usual combustion chamber 13 therein. A furnace door 14 is provided through which the combustion pipe hereinafter described extends into the combustion chamber 13 of the fur nace. A base member 15 is provided to which an adjustable support 16 is provided, a set screw 17 being provided so that the standard 16 can be adjusted to different heights. A base plate 18 is mounted upon the upper end of the standard '16 and has a motor 19 secured thereto in any approved manner. The motor 19 has a pair of electric terminals 20 and 21 leading to any suitable source of electric power and has a longitudinally extending, centrally located shaft 22 extending therethrough, upon one end of which a blower 23 is connected and to the other end of which a centrifugal pump 24 is directly connected by means of a link 25 or any other suitable means. The oil pump 24 has a fuelsupply pipe 25 leading to an oil container 26 and also has connected thereto an overflow return pipe 27 which also leads to the fuel tank 26. The overflow pipe 27 .leads from a relief valve 28 in the pump which is controlled by a spring, the pressure upon the relief valve -.being controlled through the spring by means of a set screw 30 to which a lock nut 31'is mounted. purpose of this relief valve 28 is to take care of the overflow oil fromthe pump back to the tank 26 so that the oil supplied to the The burner is maintained at a predetermined pressure and there is no waste oil supplied to the burner. A fuel supply pipe 31 is connected to the pump 24 and leads to a combustion tube 32 which is connected to the blower casing 33 in any approved manner and which extends through the furnace door into the combustion chamber13 of the furnace 10 and has mounted on its inner end anelbow 34, by means of which the flame is directed against the bafie plate 12 or against 37 being positioned inside of the combustion pipe 32 and centrally located in said pipe, an opening in the end of thesfuel nozzle 38 being provided so that the fuel Wlll s read out at an angle of aproximately 45. g frusto-conical shaped member 40 is pro vided which is secured to the side wall of the combustion tube 32, and is positioned in such tube just forward of the nozzle 38 so that the suppl of air passing through the combustion tu e 34 from the blower is directed inward at an angle of approximately so that the stream of air an the supply of-fuel pass throu h each other at approxlmately right ang es to the direction of travel of each other, thus assuring a complete mixture of the fuel and the air. Extending longitudinal of the combustion pipe 32 along the side wall thereof is a pipe 41 having a burner tip 42 on the end thereof, throu h which a supply of gas is carried and w ich acts as ignition means of the fuel after it has beenmlxed into the combustion tube 32. It will, therefore, be understood F that combustion of the fuel begins a few inches forward of the cone 40 and very shortl after the air and fuel have been broug t into intimate relation with each other and continues in the combustion pipe 32 and through the elbow 34 and is comleted in the combustion chamber -13 of the furnace 10. A spring closed cap 43 is secured to the combustion pipe 41 so that accem may be readily had to the fuei nozzle 38 and to the cone 40. A-thermostaticaly controlled circuit breaker 44 is provided, which is mounted upbn a base 45 to. which a thermostat 46 is secured, control wires 47.

and 48 leading to the motor 19 and controlling its operation by closing or opening the circuit depending u n the temperature of the room in which t ethermostat is located which may be adjacent, the furnace or in any other part of the building desired. An overflow plpe 49 is also rovided which is oonnected to the bafiie p ate 12 and leads outwardly from the furnace, terminates about a cup 50 on the end of a lever 51 -which is pivotally mounted in a frame 52,

the lever 51 having a counterweight 53 on its end opposite the cup 50. Electriowires 54 and 55 are provided which lead to the motor 19 and which control its operation so that if for any reason the fuel is not ignited it will collect in the cup 50 which raises the counter-Wei ht 53 and turns an electric switch w-hic connects the wires 54 and 55, thus opening the circuit to the motor and a aeaere sto ping its operation so that a supply of file, is notpumped out. into; the; furnace without bein' ignited. A member 56 secured tothe b ower. 23 by means of a bolt 57 .upon which a thumb nut 58 is provided conmined degree of temperature so that when the lowest point is reached the motor will be en plied with an electric current which imme lately starts the pump and the blower in operation so that a current of air is forced through the pipe 32 past the collar 40, at the same time the fuel is supplied through the fuel nozzle 38 so that a mixture of fuel is furnished and is ignited by the flame from the tip 42 which it will be noticed is just forward of the collar 40 so that the flame from the tip is protected and is not blown out by the action of the blower and the fuel but ignites the fluid and combustion commences in the combustion pipe 32 which extends into the furnace so that the fuel is partially burned in the combustion pipe 32 and combustion is com leted in the combustion chamber of the urnace. When the temperature reaches a predetermined point the operation of the motor is stopped by the thermostat and the whole apparatus discontinues until the temperature has dropped back to the lowest point on the thermostat and the same cycle of operations is completed.

\Vhile I have described more or less precisely the details of construction, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto, as, I contemplate chan es in form and the proportion of parts an the substitution of equivalents as circumstances may suggest or render expedient without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. In a liquid fuel burner," the combination of a centrally arranged rotary motor having a driving shaft extendin from each side thereof, an air pump direct y connected to one end of said shaft, a rotary fuel ump directly connected to the other end 0 said shaft, a combustion pipe connected to said air pump and extending into the combustion chamber of the furnace, a fuel supply pipe leading to said combustion ipe and discharging its contents into said pipe, a fuel discharge nozzle in said combustion ipe intermediate the ends thereof Whereb uel is discharged into air forced throug the said combustion pipe by the blower, and a fuel ignition means in said combustion pipe.

having a driving shaft extending from each side thereof, an air pum directly connected to one end of said sliaft, a rotary fuel pump directly connected to the other end of said shaft, a combustion pipe connected to said air pump extending into the combustion chamber of the furnace, a fuel supply pipe leadin to said combustion pipe, a nozzle on said uel supply pipe adapted to discharge its contents into said combustion pipe, a collar in said pipe having a diagonally disposed portion for directing the air diagonally across the said pipe in front of the fuel nozzle, and a fuel -i ition means in said combustion pipe a jacent the said collar.

' 3. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination of a centrally arranged rotary motor havin a'driving shaft extending from each side t ereof, an air pump directly connected to one end of said shaft, a rotary fuel pump directly connected to the other end of said shaft, means for controlling the supply of air admitted to said air pump, a combustion pipe connected to said air pump and extending into the combustion chamber of the furnace, a fuel supply pipe leading to and dischargin its contents into said combustion pipe intermediate its ends, means for supplying fuel to said pump, and means for igniting thesaid fuel in the said combustion pipe.

4:. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination of a centrally arranged rotary motor having a driving shaft extendin from each side thereof, an air pump direct y connected to one end of said shaft, a rotary fuel pum directly connected to the other end of said shaft, means for controlling the supply of air admitted to said air pump, a combustion pipe connected to said air pump and extending into the combustion chamber of the furnace, a fuel supply pipe leading to said combustion pipe and having a nozzle thereon for discharging the fuel into said combustion pipe, means for supplying fuel to said pump, and a gas pipe extending longitudinally of said combustion pipe and havin a tip thereon whereby the fuel is ignited adjacent said nozzle.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising in combination an air pump, a GOIIlibllStlOll pipe connected to said air pump and forming a discharge conduit leading therefrom, means for discharging a liquid fuel into the combustion pipe, and ignition means located adjacent the fuel discharge means, the said fuel discharge means and ignition means being located at a point in said combustion pipe sufficiently remote from the discharge end thereof, whereby initial combustion of the fuel takes place in the said combustion p1 A liquid fuel burner comprising in combination an air pump, a combustion ipe connected to said air pump and exten ing into the combustion chamber of a furnace, means for forcing a liquid fuel into the said combustion pipe and discharging the said fuel into the said pipe intermediate its ends whereby a combustible mixture is formed in said pipe, a pilot light located in said combustion ipc adjacent the fuel dischar e point, and means adapted to protect the ame of the said pilot light from the current of air forced through said combustion pipe by the blower.

7 A liquid fuel burner comprising in combination an air pump, a combustion pipe connected to said air pump and extending into the combustion chamber of a furnace, means for forcing a li uid fuel into the said combustion pipe and ischarging the said fuel into the said pipe intermediate its ends whereby a combustible mixture is formed in said pipe, a ilot light located in said combustion pipe a jacent the fuel discharge point, and a circumferentially extending deflecting member positioned in said combustion pipe whereby the said pilot light is prevented from being blown out by the passage of air through the said combustion pipe.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 23rd day of August, 1921.

JOHN E. PFEFFER. 

